The connotation and extension of the decision-making system of the Three Importance and One Large have expanded under the new situation of ensuring full and strict governance over the Party, deepening the comprehensive reform of higher education, and improving the modernization of governance capacity and system in universities. On the basis of its own situation, Central South University has constructed an institutional system through hierarchical classification, defined the content of decision-making scientifically, decomposed the Three Importance and quantified the Large, and improved the decision-making process as well as supervision and safeguard mechanism, which have some good results and reference significance.